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Between 1997 and 2000, necropsies of the abomasum and the first one-meter fragment of the duodenum of 40 wild ruminants (13 bison, 18 red deer, and 9 roe deer) were carried out in the Bieszczady Mountains. A total of 17 species of nematodes were found. Twelve of these species infected the bison (b), 9 the red deer (d), and 8 the roe deer (r). The species are as follows: Bunostomum trigonocephalum (r), Trichostrongylus axei (b), T. vitrinus (b), T. capricola (b, r), T. askivali (d), Ostertagia ostertagi (b, d), O. lyrata (b), O. leptospicularis (b, d, r), O. kolchida (b, d, r), Spiculopteragia boehmi (b, d, r), S. mathevossiani (d, r), Cooperia surnabada (b), C. pectinata (b, d), Ashworthius sidemi (b, d, r), Nematodirus roscidus (d), N. europaeus (r) and Aonchotheca bilobata (b). This study noted T. vitrinus for the first time in the bison. It was found that the gastrointestinal nematode fauna of the bison in Bieszczady has changed considerably with the adoption of 6 species presumably from red deer and roe deer. The introduction of the bison into this biotope, on the other hand, has not affected the gastrointestinal nematode fauna of the red deer and roe deer.